Little White Lie Essays - Literature, Fiction, Politics,

Little White Lie Orwell & Marx Animalism vs. Marxism ?Every line I have written since 1936 has been written, directly or indirectly, against totalitarianism, quotes George Orwell in the preface to the 1956 Signet Classic edition of Animal Farm. The edition, which sold several millions copies, however, omitted the rest of the sentence: and for democratic Socialism, as I understand it.? It is in Animal Farm, written in 1944 but not published until after World War Two in 1945, which Orwell offers a political and social doctrine whose ideas and ideols can be seen in all of his proceeding works. In an essay published in the summer of 1946 entitled Why I Write,? Orwell claimed to have been motivated over the preceding ten years by a desire to make political writing into an art.? In the essay, he states that in Animal Farm he had for the first time in his writing career consciously tried to achieve this goal ? to harmonize political concerns with artistry? (Twayne, 17). Orwell, however, for reasons such as the omitted portion of his preface a nd misreadings of his novels, has been mislabeled a traitor of Socialism or a hero to the right wing by theorists and critics. His book, besides a parody of Stalinist Russia, intends to show that Russia was not a true democratic Socialist country. Looked at carefully, Animal Farm is a criticism of Karl Marx as well as a novel perpetuating his convictions of democratic Socialism; these are other inherent less discussed qualities in Animal Farm besides the more commonly read harsh criticism of totalitarianism. Orwell and Marx differed in their views on Socialism and its effects on religion and nationalism as well as Socialism's effects on society and its leaders. Orwell shared many of Marx's viewpoints, but he did not share with Marx the same vision of a utopian future, only the prospects of a worldwide revolution. Orwell's work indicates that he had read Marx with care and understanding. That he remained unconvinced and highly critical does not mean he did could not follow Marx's arg uments; or rather, it could mean that only to a Marxist? (Zwerdling, 20). It is in Animal Farm, lesser talked about for the author's social theories than Nineteen Eighty-Four, that Orwell's criticisms of Marxism can be seen as well as Orwell's social theory, which can be seen through a careful reading of what the animals refer to as Animalism. Animalism, as we will see, has its faults and inaccuracies, but Orwell's use of it is to put forth his own political and social doctrine based on remedying those faults. Orwell's Animalism, what I believe to be his moderately Marxist-Leninist ideology, is different from the animals', but it is Orwell's Animalism that can best be compared to Marxism. Animalism, based on the theories of old Major, a prized-boar of Mr. Jones, is born early on in Animal Farm. The fact that old Major, himself, is a boar implies that political theory to the masses or a theorist proposing radical change and revolution are, themselves, bores, in the eyes of the proletariate more prone to worrying about work and survival. Old Major, however, is able to gather all the animals on the farm except the sleeping Moses, the tame raven, for a speech about a dream he had the previous night. In his talk, old Major tries to explain the animals' place in nature and how they can get out of it, very much like Marx's writing on the social consciousness of the proletariate in A Contribution to the Political Economy and the evil practices of bourgeois-controlled capitalism in The Communist Manifesto. It is not the consciousness of men that determines their being,? wrote Marx, but, on the contrary, their social being that determines their consciousness? (preface to A Cont ribution..., 363). He also called for revolution by the proletariate in The Communist Manifesto to change the social structure of the state and its distribution of wealth. Orwell agreed with Marx's social arguments, but as we will later see, disagreed on many of his other beliefs. In Animal Farm, we can see his depictions as man as a social animal and his Socialist ideologies through old Major's very Marxist speech in the

Ground proximity warning system in Aircraft The WritePass Journal

Ground proximity warning system in Aircraft Abstract Ground proximity warning system in Aircraft Abstract1. Introduction 2. Principles behind how the GPWS work3. The modes of GPWS3.1. Mode 1 – Excessive descent rate3.2 Mode 2 – Excessive terrain closure3.3 Mode 3 – Excessive altitude loss after take-off or go-around3.4 Mode 4 – Unsafe terrain clearance while not in landing configuration3.5. Mode 5 – Excessive descent rate below the instrument glide path.  4. Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System5.1  Ã‚   Mode 6 – Excessively steep bank angle5.2   Mode 7 – Excessive windshear protectionRelated Abstract Inventing an aircraft by The Wright Brothers at the beginning of the 20th Century had a huge impact on the world we live in now.   It is generally accepted that their â€Å"Flyer† was the first powered and controlled airplane in the world.   A decade later the first commercial flight took place marking the beginning of commercial air travel.   However, from the very beginning the most important aim was to make air travel as safe as possible. 1. Introduction Since the invention of the aircraft, one of the major causes of accidents was when a fully functional aircraft was unintentionally flown into the ground or water.   The number of this kind of accidents prompted the engineers at Boeing to introduce a new term in the late 1970s called Controlled Flight into terrain or CFIT. According to Boeing, CFIT is a leading cause of airplane accidents involving the loss of life.   There have been over 9,000 deaths in different parts of the world due to this since the beginning of the commercial jet age.[1] There have been fewer accidents thanks to the Terrain Awareness and Warning Systems (TAWS).   The TAWS which is capable of alerting the crew if they fly dangerously close to the Earth surface has substantially and effectively reduced the number of accidents caused by CFIT.   It has to be stressed that the invention of the Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) in late 1960 is widely credited to a Canadian engineer Charles Donald Bateman. Currently there are two types of TAWS used on the aircrafts.   The first type is called Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS).   Admittedly, GPWS is an older system but in 1996 a second type which is an improved version on GPWS called Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System or EGPWS was introduced.   GPWS and EGPWS are one of the most vital systems on-board modern aircrafts.   They are designed to alert the crew by means of aural and visual warning of immediate danger of colliding with the ground, water or an obstacle such as a mountain. 2. Principles behind how the GPWS work The Ground Proximity Warning System automatically and continuously monitors the clearance of the aircraft above the surface. The principle of work is based on Continues Wave Radar.   Continues waves are transmitted towards the ground and once reflected they are picked by the receiver.   The time taken for the waves to return is measured and it indicates the distance between the plane and the Earth surface. The heart of the system is a computer which collects data from the radio altimeter and predicts the future terrain features.   As the radio altimeter only provides the distance between the aircraft and the surface directly below it, the computer has to keep track of the terrain features and predict terrain that is directly ahead of the aircraft. The above can only be achieved and done correctly if the surface does not have significant changes in heights, but in a situation when there is a dramatic change in terrain, then invariably GPWS fails.   It is also referred to as a â€Å"blind spot†. However, the blind spot has been eliminated with the introduction of the Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System. 3. The modes of GPWS The Ground Proximity Warning System operates in different modes.   Depending on the situation, the GPWS responds in a particular manner and provides the crew with a specific aural alert or warning and visually by illumination of warning lights.   By monitoring the aircraft’s flying path and its altitude, the computer determines the risk of collision with the Earth surface and based on that it provides crew with either of the two warnings: a Soft Warning or Hard Warning. The GPWS Alert or Soft Warning informs the crew that a potentially dangerous situation has been detected and it requires attention.   It indicates that the dangerous situation may develop and it should not be ignored, but the aircraft is not in immediate danger. The GPWS Warning or Hard Warning informs the crew that the aircraft is threatened by grave danger and that immediate action is required. 3.1. Mode 1 – Excessive descent rate Readings from barometric altimeter and radio altimeter are combined together and the crew is informed of excessive rate of descent.   When the rate of descent exceeds the limit an aural alert â€Å"SINK RATE† is issued and the amber warning light comes up.   In a situation when the descent rate becomes even more severe the system generates an aural warning â€Å"PULL UP† and the red warning light illuminates in the cockpit. 3.2 Mode 2 – Excessive terrain closure Notifications are based on the readings taken from the radio altimeter.   The System monitors the clearance between the aircraft and the ground.   The crew is informed of the change of the terrain below and when the aircraft is flying into the slope of a mountain or across steep features. If the aircraft’s height above the ground decreases, an amber light illuminates and an aural warning â€Å"TERRAIN† is generated 90 seconds before the aircraft flying path and the earth surface crosses.   However, if no action is taken and the clearance between the aircraft and terrain decreases even more then 30 seconds from the predicted collision an aural warning â€Å"PULL UP† is issued and a red light comes up. 3.3 Mode 3 – Excessive altitude loss after take-off or go-around Data collected from barometric altimeter, radar altimeter and indicated flight speed are combined together by the GPWS computer in order to detect an altitude loss after take-off or a missed approach. In such circumstances an aural alert â€Å"DON’T SINK† is generated and the amber light starts illuminating. During the decent this mode of the GPWS is not armed until the aircraft is 60 meters above the surface. 3.4 Mode 4 – Unsafe terrain clearance while not in landing configuration The computer generates alerts and warnings indicating that the clearance above the ground is insufficient for the current flight path while landing gear and flaps are not in the landing configuration.   Consequently, there are two alerts issued by the system – â€Å"TOO LOW GEAR† and â€Å"TOO LOW FLAPS† depending on what is causing the problem. An amber warning light will also come up accordingly.   However, if the aircraft altitude continues decreasing and the landing configuration is not corrected, the crew is issued with a voice message â€Å"TOO LOW TERRAIN† and the warning light will come up. 3.5. Mode 5 – Excessive descent rate below the instrument glide path. The GPWS monitors the flying path of the aircraft in a situation when crew uses an Instrument Landing System (ILS) for approach and landing.   The system generates an aural alert in the event of the flying path exceeding 1.3 dot below the ILS glideslope and an amber warning light illuminates in the cockpit.   As the deviation increases, the voice message â€Å"GLIDESLOPE† becomes more frequent and louder.   4. Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System As technology advanced and so did the aviation industry.   And with developed technology the basic Ground Proximity Warning System was proven to have a â€Å"blind spot† making it not 100% reliable. Therefore, inventing a new and better system capable of tracking and predicting terrain ahead of the aircraft, even with dramatic changes in the steepness of the ground became a necessity.   The problem was solved with the introduction of the Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System.   The new system was mainly based on the GPWS but in order to avoid shortcoming of the original system EGPWS was also equipped with Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance system, allowing the computer to â€Å"see† what is ahead of the aircraft. The EGPWS computer has a worldwide digital terrain database containing natural terrain features as well as man-made obstacles and uses Global Positioning System to determine the position of the aircraft.   The position of the aircraft, its altitude and ground speed is sent to the computer which combines all the information together and compares it with the map of the Earth terrain stored in the database.   The information is then presented to the crew on the Terrain Awareness Display.   There are different colours on the digital map each representing a different height of the terrain features relative to the aircraft current altitude (Figure 1).   It has to be noted that the system is being continuously improved and some of the modern most sophisticated flight management computers are capable of analysing the whole route and inform the pilots of all potentially hazardous obstacles along the flying path. 5. The modes of EGPWS Since the Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System is based on the basic GPWS, it has all the five modes same as its predecessor.   However as EGPWS is more advanced than GPWS, in addition to five modes described earlier on it also introduces two new modes. 5.1  Ã‚   Mode 6 – Excessively steep bank angle The purpose of this mode is to inform pilots of an excessive roll attitude for the flight conditions.   The system generates an audible alert â€Å"BANK ANGLE†.   If the situation worsens and the roll attitude is being increased to 40% above the original callout, the voice message â€Å"BANK ANGLE† repeats itself continuously. 5.2   Mode 7 – Excessive windshear protection This mode is designed to inform the crew of excessive wind shear during take-off and final approach.   The warnings are provided between the altitudes 10 – 1500 feet above the ground level.   If the wind shear exceeds the limits, the EGPWS generates an aural alert â€Å"WINDSHEAR, WINDSHEAR, WINDSHEAR† and the amber light comes up in the cockpit. 6. Conclusions It goes without saying that the introduction of Terrain Awareness and Warning Systems has significantly reduced the number of accident caused by Controlled Flight Into Terrain.   Modern Systems installed on-board civil and military aircraft are able to predict terrain ahead of the aircraft without â€Å"blind spot† which was present in the first Ground Proximity Warning Systems.   Unfortunately despite advancement in technology and modern equipment, the accidents caused by CFIT still happen.   They are many reasons behind that and common among them would be bad weather, navigation system failure or more often pilot error. Most commonly these types of accidents occur during approach close to the airports.   For instance in 2010 alone two major crashes took lives of many people.   On 10th of April 2010, Polish Air Force Tu-154 Flight crashed during final approach in Smolensk airport in Russia killing 96 people including the president of Republic of Poland, his wife and many government and military leaders present on board that fatal flight.   Three months later on 28th July 2010 another tragic crash happened in Pakistan.   Airblue Flight 202 carried 146 passengers and 6 crew members.   There were no survivors. Developing new systems and improving the existing ones may one day lead to complete remove of CFIT type of crashes.   As for now however caution still should be executed during pilot training to ensure that every pilot flying the aircraft equipped with EGWPS is fully trained to use the system, understands the warnings and is able to properly react to the situation. 7. References [1]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled_flight_into_terrain#cite_ref-boeing_0-1

Classic Poems About America for the 4th of July

Classic Poems About America for the 4th of July Patriotism is the theme for the Fourth of July. Many poets have taken on the subject over the years and their words, even in part, have been engrained in the minds of millions of Americans. From Whitman to Emerson and Longfellow to Blake and beyond, these are the poems that have inspired patriots for years. Walt Whitman,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I Hear America Singing† The collection of Walt Whitmans poems known as Leaves of Grass was published a total of seven times during the poets lifetime. Each edition held different poems and in the 1860 edition,  I Hear America Singing made its debut. Yet, Whitman made some changes and the version below is the 1867 version. The differences between the two editions are minimal at best. Most notably, the first verse was changed from American mouth-songs ! to the lyrical lines youll find below. It is quite interesting to note that the two editions were printed just prior to and after the Civil War. In the context of the country during that time, Whitmans words take on an even more powerful meaning. America was divided, but the differences were not extreme when viewed from the songs of the individual. I hear America singing, the varied carols I hear;Those of mechanics- each one singing his, as it should be, blithe and strong;The carpenter singing his, as he measures his plank or beam,The mason singing his, as he makes ready for work, or leaves off work;The boatman singing what belongs to him in his boat- the deckhand singing on the steamboat deck;The shoemaker singing as he sits on his bench- the hatter singing as he stands;The wood-cutter’s song- the ploughboy’s, on his way in the morning, or at the noon intermission, or at sundown;The delicious singing of the mother- or of the young wife at work- or of the girl sewing or washing- Each singing what belongs to her, and to none else;The day what belongs to the day- At night, the party of young fellows, robust, friendly,Singing, with open mouths, their strong melodious songs. More From Whitmans Leaves of Grass The many editions of Leaves of Grass are filled with poems on a variety of subject matter. When it comes to patriotism, Whitman penned some of the best poetry and this contributed to his notoriety as one of Americas great poets. â€Å"By Blue Ontario’s Shore†Ã‚  (first published in the 1867 edition) - The poet spends this poem in a contemplative state marked with talk of liberty and freedom. Lines like Chant me the poem, it said, that comes from the soul of America, and O America because you build for mankind I build for you, are inspiring. At the same time, the narrator seems haunted by troubles and questions.â€Å"Song of the Broad-Axe†Ã‚  (first published in the 1856 edition) - An epic piece of poetry, Whitman embodies too many facets of America and Americans in this poem to note in a brief summary. It is a wonderful look at the individual spirit that formed the country and the strength it took from each and every person through the powerful symbol of the broad-axe. Ralph Waldo Emerson,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Concord Hymn† The Fourth of July celebrates Americas independence and few poems remind us of the sacrifices required during the Revolutionary War better than Ralph Waldo Emersons Concord Hymn. It was sung at the completion of the Concord Battle Monument on  April 19, 1837. Emerson settled in Concord, Massachusetts after marrying his second wife, Lydia Jackson, in 1835. He was known for his admiration of self-reliance and individualism. These two factors seem to have a  heavy influence on the personal nature and deep patriotic feelings he penned in this poem. The last line of the first stanza - the shot heard round the world - was quickly made famous and remains a hallmark for describing the valiant efforts of the American revolutionaries. By the rude bridge that arched the flood,Their flag to April’s breeze unfurled,Here once the embattled farmers stood,And fired the shot heard round the world,The foe long since in silence slept,Alike the Conqueror silent sleeps,And Time the ruined bridge has sweptDown the dark stream which seaward creeps.On this green bank, by this soft stream,We set to-day a votive stone,That memory may their deed redeem,When like our sires our sons are gone.Spirit! who made those freemen dareTo die, or leave their children free,Bid time and nature gently spareThe shaft we raise to them and Thee. This was not the only patriotic poem Emerson wrote. In 1904, 22 years after his death,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"A Nation’s Strength† was published. The poets patriotic zeal appears once again in lines like Men who for truth and honor’s sake/Stand fast and suffer long. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Paul Revere’s Ride† The opening lines of Henry Wadsworth Longfellows 1863 poem are etched in the memories of many Americans. The poet was known for his lyrical poems that retraced historical events and in 1863, ​Paul Reveres Ride was published, giving Americans a new, amazingly detailed, and dramatically versed look at one of the most famous nights in the countrys short history. Listen, my children, and you shall hearOf the midnight ride of Paul Revere,On the eighteenth of April, in Seventy-five;Hardly a man is now aliveWho remembers that famous day and year. More Longfellow â€Å"O Ship of State†Ã‚  (â€Å"The Republic† from â€Å"The Building of the Ship,† 1850) - A contemporary of both Emerson and Whitman, Longfellow also saw the building of a young country and this influenced many of his poems. Though it reads as a simple poetic description of shipbuilding, it is, in reality, a metaphor for the building of America. Piece by piece, the country came together, just as those ships built near Longfellows Portland, Maine home. The patriotic enthusiasm of O Ship of State extended beyond America. Franklin Roosevelt quoted the opening lines in a personal letter to Winston Churchhill during World War II to rally his allys spirit. More Famous Poems About America Though those are some of the most noted poems appropriate for Independence Day, they are not alone. The following verses are equally popular and express national pride perfectly. William Blake,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"America, A Prophecy† (1793) - Written by the famous English poet 17 years after the American Revolution, this poem has long been an icon in patriotic poetry. A mythical look at what might come out of the new country, Blake romanticizes the tale and clearly shows he too has no love for tyranny or the King.Emma Lazarus,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The New Colossus† (1883) - Written to raise funds for the base of the Statue of Liberty, this famous poem is engraved on it for all to see. The lines Give me your tired, your poor,  Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, speak volumes to the nation of immigrants.Carl Sandburg,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Good Night† (1920) - Fireworks over the pier on the Fourth of July, Sandburgs short poem is both timeless and timely. If youre seeking a poem to memorize, this is a fantastic choice.Claude McKay,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"America† (1921) - A love sonnet written by a leader of the Harlem Rennaissance,  America portrays the poets adorat ion for the country while, at the same time, confronting the troubles he has seen in his community. Amy Lowell,  Excerpt from â€Å"The Congressional Library† (1922) - Published in The Literary Digest (incorrectly, at first), the poet captures the wonderful architecture and art of this historic building that houses the nations archives. She also wonders about its future as well as the library as a reflection on all Americans.Stephen Vincent Benà ©t,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"American Names† (1927) - Both a geography lesson and a poem examining the poetic styling of names, the poet explores sound and place in lighthearted verse.

55 Synonyms for Criticize

55 Synonyms for Criticize 55 Synonyms for â€Å"Criticize† 55 Synonyms for â€Å"Criticize† By Mark Nichol One of life’s great pleasures is the opportunity to criticize others, so it shouldn’t surprise you that the verb criticize has a rich repository of synonyms that offers so many options for expressing your low opinions of people or their words or deeds. I’ve divided the list below into four general categories. Generally, only the first features words with distinct connotations, which I’ve included; the others are fairly interchangeable within each category, and even across categories. Words Expressing Disapproval 1. Admonish: to give gentle, earnest advice 2. Censure: to condemn with formal disciplinary action 3. Chasten: to discipline or restrain 4. Chastise: to communicate severe disappointment 5. Chide: to offer mild constructive criticism 6. Condemn: to criticize wrongdoing 7. Decry: to communicate strong disapproval 8. Denounce: to target someone for disapproval, usually publicly 9. Dispraise: to publicly criticize 10. Excoriate: to indicate scathing disapproval 11. Fault: to blame 12. Fulminate: to publicly criticize 13. Lambaste: to attack verbally 14. Reprehend: to voice criticism 15. Reproach: to communicate disappointment 16. Upbraid: to offer severe criticism 17. Vituperate: to abusively criticize Words Expressing Disparagement 18. Belittle 19. Cry down 20. Denigrate 21. Depreciate 22. Derogate 23. Knock 24. Poor-mouth 25. Run down 26. Talk down 27. Vilipend Words Expressing Severe Criticism 28. Bad-mouth 29. Castigate 30. Flay 31. Hammer 32. Lace (into) 33. Lay (into) 34. Pan (especially to criticize a performance or a proposal) 35. Slag Words Expressing Reprimand or Scolding 36. Bawl out 37. Berate 38. Call down (another meaning is â€Å"to invite or entreat†) 39. Chew out 40. Dress down 41. Harangue 42. Jaw 43. Keelhaul 44. Lecture 45. Rag 46. Rail (against) 47. Rant 48. Rate 49. Ream (or ream out) 50. Rebuke 51. Reprove 52. Score 53. Tongue-lash 54-55. Two additional words used only in their noun form are commination (â€Å"denunciation†) and objurgation (â€Å"a harsh rebuke†). Many other words such as assail and scathe can be suitable depending on the context but have senses closer to â€Å"attack† than â€Å"criticize.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comparative Forms of AdjectivesHang, Hung, HangedPresent Participle as Adjective

Chinese Women and Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Chinese Women and Culture - Essay Example The recent developments on China portray a comparatively liberal image of the women than was possible some decades ago. Not too far off in history, in fact if a critical analysis is made for the 1980`s and the 1990`s both the authorities in China as well as the traditional Chinese society were resistant to the growth of feminist attitudes.The traditional ancient Chinese rituals and belief systems though still prevalent to some extent in China adds to the limitations that women have to face to contribute significantly to the Chinese cultures and traditions. 1990`s however opened doors towards acceptance to the fact that women can also significantly contribute to the cultural development in China.To understand China in the modern context, it is crucial to analyze the role of women in the ancient century as well so that patterns in evolution can be drawn.China is always perceived as a culturally isolated and a backward society, and the image of the state is that of an authoritarian tyra nnical one. Modern elements of change like modern art, modern music, internet evolution and social networking seems to be absent and highly controlled. The beginning of the new century saw an immense increase in modernization. With the opening of market in the late 1990`s, China`s economy started to boom as markets expanded and modernized. Cultural values, however, didn’t saw as immense of a change but some level of change was inevitable and 12 Girls Band is the product of this change. Thus, 12 Girls Band is symbolic for women empowerment, the ability for Chinese to preserve their traditional legacies, portraying a liberal yet sophisticated image of Chinese woman throughout the world. All members of the 12 Girls Band are thus Ambassadors to China who have positively affected the cultural variables in China at home and abroad. To understand China in the modern context, it is crucial to analyze the role of women in the ancient century as well so that patterns in evolution can b e drawn. In the ancient China women were considered to be inferior to men, and all their lives they were expected to obey the male members of the family, thus they had no freedom of their own and their role towards cultural community development was absent. The practice of binding women`s feet is symbolic for the control over women during that century. However, with time when the People`s Republic of China was found the role of women started to change, at least rhetorically and a significant level of independence was gained by the women. It wasn’t until 1979 that the government enacted reforms which enabled women to seek jobs in the market. This was the beginning of the initiation of the contribution of women to art; however the role was still very limited. However, with the cultural revolutions more and more opportunities were produced for the women and the process of evolution began to speed up (Wales 1967). Until the 1990`s the women were significantly contributing economi cally as well as culturally to the Chinese legacy. During this period, women poetry groups and arts clubs began to emerge and their activities began to enhance rapidly (Descoteaux 2008). The beginning of the new century saw an immense increase in modernization, and thus 12 Girls Band is a product of the modernization and cultural fusion. The band was selected in an audition in 2001, and twelve members later constituting of thirteen members, this band was a unique blend of girls who knew to play diverse range of instruments both modern and traditional in nature. All band members have gone through rigorous trainings in the field, and all of them belong to the conservatories groups which include the China`s Academy of Music, Central Conservatory of Music and the Chinese National Orchestra. The idea behind the concept belongs to Wang Xio-Jing who wanted twelve members for a band and his aim was to promote folk music however make it appealing by adding a modern touch to it. Thus, the wom en were inspired by the work of Yue

Challenges in Access Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Challenges in Access - Essay Example ted only this month and gauged the current public sentiment on health care amidst current conditions, particularly from September 21-22 (Rasmussen, 2012). The polls by Rasmussen Reports and Reuters depict the manner by which public opinion changes according to the movements in the policy networks. For example, when the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the validity of the health care law, Reuters reported that the public was slightly more supportive of it. According to what they found, opposition fell to 52 percent from the posted 57 percent previously. This development depicts how institutions can wield influence on the way people perceive specific issues. Then, there is the case of the Rasmussen poll. It found that more and more Americans are accepting the health care law, stating that even though 52 percent of Americans are in favor of repealing the law, most of them see that such repeal is no longer likely. The period by which the poll survey was conducted came at the heels of several polls released showing Obama’s rally in presidential election surveys. The defeat of the Republican contender in the presidential race - if the poll is to be believed or if the election was held September 22 - meant that the health care reform will persist, as the Democrats prevail. Of course, there is the other story to these two polls. Although, the trend seems to be gradually favoring the health care reform, certain aspects to the public opinion of it remain strong. It should be noted that after two years, there is still strong opposition to the so-called Obama-care. The length of time should have steadily eroded public opposition but this does not appear to be happening at all. If one goes back to the Reuters’ poll, the bump in the figures supporting the health care reform was given by the public unwillingly. This is supported by the public’s acceptance, according to Rasmussen, that the law will persist because it came with Obama’s possible reelection. I would also

How has commercialisation affected professional football since the Essay

How has commercialisation affected professional football since the formation of the premier league and what effect has this had on the average fan - Essay Example d the 1980s witnessed England entering into a rather novice phase marked by lack of commercial enterprising on the part of sponsors and top brass of soccer administrators. In fact European football in general followed a downward curve during these two decades (King 59). Several key factors were responsible for this lean period in the history of English soccer. These factors ranged from societal issues to lack of technical adroitness. However, the Premier soccer League teemed with the very best from the global arena and players from all continents signed for various clubs featuring in the League (Storey 108), thus turning English club football into an action-packed display of power and dynamism. The focal point of this paper is going to be the period following the formation of the English Premier League, during which the entire skeleton of English soccer underwent a drastic change in terms of growing commercialisation and corporate professionalism. The paper will also discuss the relative position of British soccer in the larger framework of world football in the last two decades. The charm of English soccer ebbed away following the series of poor performances by the national soccer team in FIFA World Cups after their historic win over West Germany in the 1966 version of the premier title. It was imperative for the administrators and players alike to bring people back to where they could relate themselves to. However, due to a pervasive sense of hopelessness prevailing among the average followers of the sport, the task was not an easy one. Moreover, hooliganism was on the rise in the 1980s both on English soil and outside (Dunning and Malcolm 101). In fact English football had earned a notorious distinction of promoting hooliganism across Europe and other soccer playing countries (Bloom and Willard 306). Political reasons also came into contention in this regard as some of the earlier events in the annals of world history were believed to have contributed to the